To properly operate CNC machine tools to avoid problems caused by improper operation, we must understand and grasp the composition and work steps of CNC machine tools. Next, we will introduce the composition and work steps of CNC machine tools for us.
CNC machine tool consists of four parts, namely: CNC unit, servo system, position feedback system, machine tool pair of mechanical parts. Below we specifically understand these four components one by one.
First, the CNC unit. The CNC unit is the core of the CNC machine tool and consists of three parts: information input, processing and output. The CNC unit accepts digitized information. After being decoded, interpolated, and logically processed by the control software and logic circuits of the numerical control device, the CNC unit outputs various command information to the servo system. The servo system drives the execution unit to perform the feed movement.
Second, the servo system. It is composed of a drive and a drive motor, and it is composed of an execution part and a mechanical transmission component on the machine tool to form a feed system for a CNC machine tool. Its function is to convert the pulse signal from the numerical control device into the movement of the moving parts of the machine tool.
Third, the position feedback system. Servo motor angular displacement feedback, CNC machine tool actuator (workbench) displacement feedback. Including grating, rotary encoder, laser range finder, magnetic grid and so on.
Fourth, the mechanical parts of the machine. The composition of the mechanical parts of CNC machine tools is similar to that of ordinary machine tools, but the transmission structure requirements are simpler, and the requirements for accuracy, stiffness, and shock resistance are higher, and the transmission and transmission systems are more convenient for automation expansion.
CNC machine tool steps: divided into preparation and programming stages
Preparation stage: According to the drawings of the machined parts, determine the relevant processing data, and select other auxiliary information according to the processing technology, tool type, etc.
Programming phase: According to the processing process information, write the NC machining program and fill in the program